TraCe Wissenschaftler:innen analysieren seit 2022 die Transformationen politischer Gewalt in drei thematischen Forschungsfeldern: Sie untersuchen die Veränderungen und Kontinuitäten in Form, Ursache und Folgen, die Rolle von Institutionen sowie sich wandelnde Rechtfertigungsmuster, Erinnerungsdiskurse und Interpretationen von Gewalt. Die Ergebnisse dieser Forschung haben sie in Monografien, Sammelbänden, Fachzeitschriften und den TraCe Publikationsreihen veröffentlicht. Die relevantesten Publikationen aller Forschungsfelder sind hier als Highlights zusammengefasst.
Albarracín, Juan/Karolczak, Rodrigo Moura/Wolff, Jonas (2025): Violence against Civil Society Actors in Democracies: Territorialization of Criminal Economies and the Assassination of Social Activists in Brazil, in: Journal of Peace Research, 62: 5, 1411–1427, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/00223433251347784.
This article analyzes a type of political violence particularly prevalent in democracies of the Global South: the assassination of social activists. The authors develop a theoretical framework that bridges debates on criminal governance and socio-environmental conflict and show how it helps explain subnational variation in activist killings across Brazil’s Amazon region.
Guntrum, Laura/Reuter, Christian (2025): Activists’ Strategies for Coping with Technology-Facilitated Violence in the Global South, in: ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI), 32: 6, 1–38, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3762811.
This article shows how activists from seven countries in the Global South develop situated coping and protection strategies in response to technology-facilitated violence. Coping mechanisms and responses ranged from self-censorship and withdrawal to various forms of resistance, including the adoption of selective, low-threshold digital security practices such as encryption. Activists’ digital security behaviors often diverged from universalized IT security recommendations, underscoring the importance of situating protection strategies within activists’ specific threat models and lived contexts.
Guntrum, Laura/Lasso Mena, Verena (2025): Unmasking digital threats in the pursuit of human rights and environmental defense in La Guajira, North Colombia, in: Information, Communication & Society, 1–22, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2025.2503444.
This article shows how environmental and human rights defenders in northern Colombia are targeted by different forms of technology-facilitated violence (TFV) that intersects with physical threats and structural violence. It argues that excluding TFV from broader violence frameworks leads to an incomplete understanding of defenders’ experiences and exposes gaps in existing protection mechanisms.
Lederer, Markus/Lasso Mena, Verena/Marquardt, Jens/Richter, Timo/Schoppek, Dorothea Elena (2024): Radical Climate Movements – Is the Hype about “Ecoterrorism” Analogy, Warning or Propaganda?, in: Frontiers in Political Science 6/2024, 1–11, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpos.2024.1421523.
In this paper, TraCe researchers at TU Darmstadt analyze how radical climate movements have used various forms of civil disobedience. A particular focus is set on how the media and politicians not only warn of a radicalization into violence but also try to delegitimize the climate movement overall.
Schissler, Frederik/Pfeifer, Hanna/Ruhe, Constantin/Schwab, Regine/Wolff, Jonas: The internationalization of intrastate conflict: A network perspective on empirical evidence and theoretical explanations, in: Cooperation and Conflict. DOI: 10.1177/00108367251413148 (open access), Forthcoming.
In this paper, TraCe researchers from Goethe University and PRIF introduce a network-based framework to conceptualize the internationalization of intrastate armed conflict. Empirically, they show that intrastate conflicts have indeed become more internationalized in recent years and identify and evaluate likely drivers of this trend.
A preprint version of the forthcoming paper has been published as TraCe Working Paper No. 7.
Schwab, Regine/Krause, Werner/Massoud, Samer (2025): The Bombing of Hospitals and Rebel Responses in Civil War. Evidence from Syria, in: Journal of Conflict Resolution, online first. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/00220027251407077.
This publication researches an increasingly prominent form of political violence, the targeting of civilian infrastructure, and its effects on local violence dynamics. Concretely, the paper shows that the targeting of medical facilities by pro-government forces in the Syrian civil war leads to increased rebel violence rather than suppressing resistance.
Schwab, Regine (2026): Armed Group Constellations. Patterns of Cooperation and Conflict in Multiparty Civil Wars, in: Cambridge University Press, Forthcoming.
Internationalized multiparty civil wars are an increasingly relevant phenomenon, but we lack understanding of the internal dynamics of these conflicts. Based on in-depth field work of the Syrian conflict and case studies of Ethiopia and Myanmar, this book develops a new understanding of the complex relationships between rebel groups in multiparty civil wars that goes beyond binary notions of cooperation and conflict.
More information about this book can be found on Regine Schwab's website.
Christian, Ben/Speyer, Johanna/Zimmermann, Lisbeth (2024): The rules-based international order will not survive if its institutions only work in powerful states’ interests, LSE Blog, 11.12.2024.
The current international order is in crisis, but what action to take to address this is hotly debated. Countering a suggestion to reform global institutions by giving more power to already powerful states, this blog post argues that this path would deepen the existing crisis: The rules-based international order which rests on multilateral cooperation will fail if its institutions are reformed to work even more in the interest of powerful states.
González Villamizar, Juliana/Peters, Stefan (2025): Los enfoques diferenciales desde una vocación transformadora: El trabajo de la Comisión de la Verdad en Colombia, in: Una mirada a la Comisión de la Verdad de Colombia. Aprendizajes, reflexiones y siete desafíos contemporáneos, Bogotá, Colombia: Edición Planeta, 115–136.
Marauhn, Thilo (2025): Multi-normativity and Multi-level Governance: Fresh Perspectives on the Strengthening of Norms against Chemical and Biological Weapons, in: Barry de Vries (ed.), Chemical and Biological Weapons, Leiden, Niederlande: Brill | Nijhoff, 1–12, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004739192_002.
The bans on chemical and biological weapons are foundational to global disarmament and international security. However, these regimes are under increasing strain due to recent violations and broader institutional challenges. This book introduction reflects on two concepts helpful to explain the complexities of multilateral regulations: the established notion of multi-level governance and the more recent notion of multi-normativity.
Pfeifer, Hanna/Schwab, Regine (2023): Re-examining the State/Non-state Binary in the Study of (Civil) War, in: Civil Wars, 25: 2–3, 426–449, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13698249.2023.2254654.
Acuña, Diana C./Quishpe, Rafael C./Salazar, Mónica A./Ugarriza, Juan E. (2023): Transitioning Guerrillas: An Analysis of the Internal Cohesion of the Former FARC in their Transition from War to Democracy, in: Latin American Politics and Society, 66: 3, 79–106, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/lap.2023.37.
Ex-rebel political parties often emerge after peace accords but frequently fragment and disappear, increasing the risk of renewed political violence. Using quantitative data on former FARC guerrillas in Colombia who joined a newly founded legal political party, the authors' findings suggest that supporting organizational reengineering efforts among former rebels – with a focus on cohesion – can mitigate the negative consequences of rebel party collapse.
Simon, Hendrik/Brock, Lothar (2023): Transformation(en) der Gewaltrechtfertigung? Zum Verhältnis von Kriegslegitimation und internationaler Ordnungsbildung in Geschichte und Gegenwart, Frankfurt/Main, TraCe Working Paper No.2, DOI: 10.48809/PRIFTraCeWP2302.
Scarfi, Juan Pablo/Simon, Hendrik (2023): ReflectiÖns on 200 Years of the Monroe Doctrine, Völkerrechtsblog, 18.12.2023, DOI: 10.17176/20231218-111106-0.
What does the Monroe Doctrine – or perhaps better: the multiple Monroe Doctrines since 1823 – actually stand for today? How can we look back on it 200 years after its first appearance? In this blog post, authors build on discussions of a TraCe conference on the Monroe Doctrine in Frankfurt, December 2023.
This research agenda will be pursued further in a forthcoming edited volume on the history, interpretation, and legacy of the Monroe Doctrine, edited by Raphaël Cahen, León Castellanos-Jankiewicz, and Hendrik Simon.
Buckley-Zistel, Susanne/de Wolff, Kaya/Erll, Astrid/Frank, Sybille/Hannig, Nicolai/Mannitz, Sabine/Reiss, Mariel/Schwerer, Jona/Spittler, Sara-Luise/Wingender, Monika (2024): Memory Before Violence, Frankfurt/Main, TraCe Working Paper No. 5, DOI: 10.48809/PRIFTraCeWP2405.
In this working paper, TraCe researchers from various fields (including the social sciences and the humanities, history, media studies, and linguistics) reflect on “memory before violence.” The working paper suggests turning around the temporal perspective on the memory-violence nexus. In six case studies, authors address “memory before violence” – in Brazil, in Canada, in Uganda and Kenya, in Russia and Ukraine, and in Germany.
Fuhrmann, Larissa-Diana/Mannitz, Sabine (2025) (Hrsg.): Special Issue: Displaying and Processing Political Violence in Museum Spaces, in: Cultural Dynamics, 37: 1–2, DOI: 10.1177/09213740251323352.
With contributions by: de Wolff, Kaya/Cabral Lopes, Rebeca/Fuhrmann, Larissa-Diana/Mannitz, Sabine/Kopp, Rita Theresa/Oettler, Anika/Pérez Benavides/Amada Carolina, et al.
This issue of the journal Cultural Dynamics brings together contributions by scholars from PRIF, Goethe University, and the University of Marburg. Their research on the cultural memory of political violence is focused here in particular on interpretive frameworks through which museums communicate these histories to a broader public. The special issue was preceded by a highly successful and very well-attended workshop – also involving colleagues beyond TraCe – held in the context of the 2023 DGSKA Congress.
Mannergren, Johanna/Björkdahl, Annika/Buckley-Zistel, Susanne/Kappler, Stefanie/Williams, Timothy (2024): Peace and the Politics of Memory, Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press.
This book explores memory politics and its impact on the quality of peace in societies transitioning from a violent past. Situating the book in the literature of critical Peace Research and Memory Studies, the authors introduce the idea that the quality of peace is affected by the extent to which memories are entangled.
De Wolff, Kaya/Nguherimo, Jephta (2025): The Ovaherero and Nama People’s Struggle for Restorative Justice: An Activist-Scholar Lens, in: Journal of Genocide Research, 1–18, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2025.2559463.
This article explores the ongoing struggle of the Ovaherero and Nama struggle to obtain an apology and reparations for the colonial genocide committed by German troops in 1904 to 1908 in Namibia. By co-publishing this article in tandem as a German academic scholar and a Namibian reparation activist, the authors move from an extractivist practice of scholarship to a form of mutually beneficial knowledge production. With support of TraCe members Susanne Buckley-Zistel, Sabine Mannitz and Dirk Moses, this article is the first to be published in a series of three. The series was produced as part of Nguherimo's TraCe visiting fellowship at Goethe University Frankfurt.
Reiss, Mariel/Sogunro, Ayodele (2026) (Hrsg.): Joy, Reflections, Resistance - LGBTIQ+ Lived Realities in Africa. Scholarly and Activist Perspectives, Leverkusen, Deutschland: Verlag Barbara Budrich.
Building on the themes of violence, resistance, and solidarity, this book explores intersections of knowledge-production and -transfer between diverse scholarly and activist spheres and herewith contributes to methodological, conceptual, and normative aspects of centring LGBTIQ+ rights and lived realities in manifold African contexts. The chapters discuss the longer historical developments of homo- and transphobic bills, legislations, and de jure practices as well as their effects for LGBTIQ+ persons (until) today.
Ahlheim, Hannah/Cramer, Tina/Fuhrmann, Larissa-Diana/Guntrum, Laura/Ismail, Nadia/Mannitz, Sabine/Marauhn, Thilo/Lasso Mena, Verena/Oettler, Anika/Schwab, Regine/Spittler, Sara-Luise/Wolff, Jonas (2025): (Un)Sichtbarkeit von Gewalt, Frankfurt/Main, TraCe Working Paper No. 6, DOI: 10.48809/PRIFTraCeWP2506.
What mechanisms determine the visibility or invisibility of violence? Written in the context of the exhibition “(In)Visibility of Violence” (KUNSTHALLE GIESSEN, 2025), this TraCe Working Paper examines forms, geographical contexts, and both historical and contemporary conditions of violence. The paper is a prime example for TraCe’s knowledge transfer: It connects artistic and academic perspectives on violence and makes them accessible to a non-academic audience through numerous examples and pictures.
Hannig, Nicolai/Engelschalt, Julia (2024): Fashion, Mobility, and Protest: The Sapeur Movement in Congo, in: Historical Social Research, 49: 4, 120–134, DOI: https://doi.org/10.12759/hsr.49.2024.38.
Emerging as a fashionable protest against Western clothing bans in dictatorial Congo in the second half of the twentieth century , the sapeur movement used flamboyant European styles to defiantly subvert high-society norms. By analyzing international media from the 1970s to today, this article seeks to understand the sapeur as an interloper between several spheres.